Q2 2024 Kennametal Inc Earnings Call

Participants

Christopher Rossi; President & CEO; Kennametal Inc.

Stephen Volkm; Analyst; Jefferies LLC

Steven Fisher; Analyst; UBS Investment Bank

Julian Mitchell; Analyst; Barclays Bank PLC

Tami Zakaria; Analyst; JPMorgan Chase & Co.

Michael J. Feniger; Analyst; BofA Securities

Steve Barger; Analyst; KeyBanc Capital Markets Inc.

Angel Castillo; Analyst; Morgan Stanley

Joe Ritchie; Analyst; Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

Presentation

Operator

Good morning. I would like to welcome everyone to Kennametal's second quarter fiscal 2024 earnings conference call. (Operator Instructions)
Please note that this event is being recorded.
I would now like to turn the conference over to Michael Pizzi, Vice President of Investor Relations.

Thank you, operator, and welcome, everyone, and thank you for joining us to review Kennametal's second quarter fiscal 2024 results. This morning we issued our earnings press release and posted our presentation slides on our website.
We will be referring to that deck throughout today's call, and I'm Michael PC, Vice President of Investor Relations. Joining me on the call today are Christopher Rossi, President and Chief Executive Officer; Pat Watson, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer; Sanjay Chubb, a Vice President and President of metal cutting, and Franklin Cardenas, Vice President and President of Infrastructure.
After Chris and Pat's prepared remarks, we will open the line for questions. At this time, I would like to direct your attention to our forward-looking disclosure statements. Today's discussion contains comments that constitute forward-looking statements and as such, involve a number of assumptions, risks and uncertainties that could cause the Company's actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by such statements. These risk factors and uncertainties are detailed in Kennametal's SEC filings.
In addition, we will be discussing non-GAAP financial measures on the call today. Reconciliations to GAAP financial measures that we believe are most directly comparable can be found at the back of the deck and our Form eight K on our website.
And with that, I'll turn the call over to you, Chris.

Christopher Rossi

Thanks, Mike. Good morning, everyone, and thank you for joining us. I'll start the call today with a review of the quarter as well as some end market commentary. And then we'll share an example of the industry-leading innovations we're bringing to market from there. Pat will cover the quarterly financial results as well as the fiscal year 2024 outlook.
Finally, I'll make some summary comments and then open the call for questions beginning on slide 3. For the quarter, sales were flat year over year with organic decline of 3%, offset by favorable business days of 2% and favorable currency exchange of 1%.
At the segment level, metal cutting was flat organically and infrastructure declined 8% on a constant currency basis and Media posted 3% growth driven primarily by the transportation and energy end markets. The Americas declined 5%, mainly due to softening demand in general engineering, earthworks and energy and the effect of the UAW strike on transportation. Asia-pacific sales were flat, driven by growth in general engineering and transportation, offset by declines in energy and earthworks. The results also reflect the year-over-year declines in China.
Moving to our end markets, transportation grew 4%. Aerospace and defense was flat. General engineering declined 2%, energy declined 3% and earthworks declined 5%.
Looking now at each end market, the earthworks decline was driven by increased price sensitivity in Americas construction and softening mining in China. For Energy. As expected, oil and gas was down primarily due to lower US land-based rig counts and continuing customer destocking within infrastructure and wind energy project delays in metal cutting, general engineering declined versus prior year with modest growth in metal cutting in the Americas, offset by declines in infrastructure and aerospace and defense sales were flat year over year.
At the enterprise level, metal cutting grew 6% from the continued execution of our growth initiatives and overall market strength in aerospace, while infrastructure declined due to timing of large defense orders, transportation grew 4% this quarter from continued strength in Amea driven by metal cuttings, electric vehicle and hybrid project wins and a slight increase in Asia Pacific, partially offset by a decline in the Americas due to customer production timing effects related to the UAW strike.
Turning now to profitability in the quarter. Adjusted operating margin declined 110-basis points, primarily due to lower volumes, higher wages and general inflation and unfavorable price raw material cost timing in the infrastructure segment. These were partially offset by higher price realization in metal cutting and restructuring savings of approximately $5 million in total metal coatings. Adjusted operating margin this quarter decreased 40-basis points year-over-year from higher price realization and restructuring savings of approximately $4 million, offset by lower volumes and higher wages and general inflation.
The Infrastructure segment's adjusted operating margins decreased 320-basis points year-over-year, primarily due to lower volumes and as expected, unfavorable price raw material cost timing. These factors were partially offset by restructuring savings of approximately $1 million.
Adjusted EPS increased to $0.3 compared to $0.27 in the prior year quarter. Free operating cash flow year to date was $36 million, which is the highest level since 2016. We continued the share repurchase program this quarter with $15 million of shares bought back, bringing the total amount repurchased under the existing program to $163 million.
The Board of Directors authorized another $200 million in share repurchases over a three year period. Our share repurchase program reflects the confidence we have in executing our strategic initiatives for long-term value creation despite quarterly macroeconomic headwinds and uncertainties.
Turning to slide 4, I want to provide commentary on our end markets for the full year and how things have evolved through Q2. As we discussed on our last call, our outlook for the full year is informed by forecasts of specific market drivers and despite developing macro-economic uncertainty at the time, those drivers have remained unchanged and we're still indicating market conditions improving in the second half. Remember, for us, backlog is not a meaningful indicator of expected quarterly sales and beyond. So we rely on forecasts of these specific market drivers and customer input.
Fast-forward to today, the forecast of these market drivers have evolved as summarized on the slide. Additionally, in December, we saw an unexpected slowdown in orders, primarily in general engineering and energy, which has continued in January, particularly in the US.
Based on these changes. We still expect second half fiscal year 2024 sales to outpace the first half. However, year-over-year growth is expected to be down slightly more specifically, the changes year-over-year by end market are summarized here in general engineering. We now expect a slight decline driven by lower forecasted industrial production, primarily in the US, Eurozone and China and in energy are no longer expecting the second half uptick that our customers were indicating last quarter.
US land-based rig counts at the end of our fiscal year are now expected to decrease 5% compared to last quarter's forecast, our order deliveries have shifted to the second half of calendar year 2024 align with customer sentiment that North American activity continues to lag with no meaningful recovery during the first half of this calendar year. Earthworks is anticipated to decline.
Although we anticipate normal seasonality of demand, we are seeing greater price sensitivity than expected as we enter the second half of fiscal year 2024. In addition, we're also seeing some slowdown in China mining in transportation. We continue to expect slight year-over-year growth as project wins offset a decline in global light vehicle production per IHS.
Our outlook for the full year and now includes the effects of the UAW strike. We anticipate aerospace and defense will continue to experience growth in both segments in the second half, albeit at a slightly lower level. The number of aircraft produced is expected to decline about 13% from last quarter's forecast with potentially some additional near-term production disruptions due to recent OEM quality issues. Major OEM aircraft build rates are still forecasted to increase in the mid-teens over the first half, and they are still below pre-pandemic levels, and we're confident in our ability to continue winning new projects and gaining share in this end market.
Finally, from a regional perspective, we're no longer expecting a second half recovery in China as the latest official PMI metric remains flat 50.
On last quarter's call, I mentioned that given the macroeconomic uncertainties, we would be prepared to take proactive measures if the markets didn't improve as expected in the second half for that. And we are taking additional restructuring actions that increase our current restructuring program for the previously announced $20 million run rate savings by the end of fiscal year 2024 to $35 million. This accelerates our progress towards achieving the $100 million of cost-out targets that we first discussed at Investor Day.
Pat will provide additional details in his prepared remarks.
Now on slide 5, I'd like to highlight an example of how our innovation advantage continues to deliver enhanced product offerings to our customers.
The slide highlights our new and proprietary metal cutting insert. This new geometry enables higher productivity for our customers and eliminates the need to change tools for finishing operations, making it ideal for transportation, medical equipment and general engineering applications. Notably, this is another innovation enabled by modernization. Simply put, we could not produce this proprietary geometry on our legacy equipment.
Furthermore, the new insert is available with our new chemical coating technology, which expands the differentiated performance across a wider range of applications. As you may recall, the new Cango coating technology was also enabled by modernization.
Now let me turn the call over to Pat, who will review the second quarter financial performance and the outlook.

Thank you, Chris. And good morning, everyone. I will begin on slide 6 with a review of second quarter operating results. We continued to execute our initiatives in the face of challenging market conditions. Sales were flat year-over-year with an organic decline of 3%, offset by favorable work base of 2% and favorable currency exchange of 1%.
As Chris pointed out, the performance this quarter was affected by shifting market conditions that put pressure on all of our end markets. This is the second quarter for metal cutting in the fourth quarter for infrastructure with negative year-over-year volumes.
Adjusted EBITDA and operating margins were 12.4% and 6% respectively, versus 13.7% and 7.1% in the prior year quarter. During the quarter, we realized approximately $5 million in savings from the ongoing restructuring program.
Adjusted effective tax rate was negative 8%, primarily driven by an approximate $8 million tax benefit from a change in the Swiss tax rate in the current year's quarter. The prior quarter included an approximate $2 million tax benefit from a Swiss tax ruling, adjusted earnings per share were $0.30 in the quarter versus EPS of $0.27 in the prior year period.
The main drivers of our EPS performance are highlighted on the bridge on slide 7. The year-over-year effect of operations this quarter was negative $0.05. This reflects lower volumes and price raw material timing, partially offset by operational excellence initiatives and restructuring savings. You can also see the effects of the Swiss tax rate I just spoke about on EPS with taxes contributing positive $0.07 lower share count also contributed $0.01.
Slides 8 and 9 detailed the performance of our segments this quarter reported metal cutting sales were up 4% compared to the prior year quarter, with 0% organic growth, favorable foreign currency and favorable Workday, a mix of 2% each.
We achieved growth in Amea and the Americas with Asia-Pacific flat due to slowdown in China by region. Amir led at 4%, followed by the Americas at 1%, while Asia Pacific was flat. I mean, as year-over-year performance reflects growth driven by transportation and aerospace and defense Americas year-over-year growth this quarter was driven by the execution of our growth initiatives in aerospace and defense and the general engineering end market. Asia-Pacific’s decline was primarily driven by market conditions in China.
Looking at sales by end market, Aerospace and Defense grew 6% year-over-year as our strategic initiatives continue to drive share capture. General engineering grew 1% year-over-year with the strongest growth in the Americas, partially offset by lower sales in Amea and energy declined 3% this quarter with the majority of the impact in Asia Pacific as a result of the slowdown in China, mainly from delays in wind power projects.
And lastly, transportation grew 4% year-over-year, driven by our strategic growth initiatives and project wins in EV and hybrid vehicles and Amea, somewhat offset by weaker conditions in the Americas as a result of the effects of the UAW strike, metal cutting adjusted operating margin of 8.4% decreased 40-basis points year-over-year as higher selling prices and restructuring savings of approximately $4 million were offset by lower volumes and higher wages and general inflation.
Turning to slide 9, for infrastructure. Reported infrastructure sales were down year-over-year from an organic sales decline of 8%, partially offset by a foreign exchange tailwind of 1%. Regionally, sales were flat and Asia Pacific declined by 1%, and media and sales in the Americas declined 12%.
Looking at sales by end market on a constant currency basis, aerospace and defense decreased 14% due to defense order timing when compared to the prior year. General engineering declined 10% from softer demand in Amea, earthworks declined 5% with underground mining, offset by lower construction volume in the Americas.
And lastly, energy declined 4%, mainly in the Americas due to lower than expected US land rig counts and continued destocking of inventory at our customers. Adjusted operating margin declined year-over-year to 1.9%, primarily from two factors. First, lower sales volumes, primarily in the earthworks and general engineering end markets in the Americas. Second, significant factor affecting the margin this quarter as expected was unfavorable price raw material timing. These headwinds were partially offset by operational excellence initiatives, including restructuring.
Now turning to slide 10 to review our free operating cash flow and balance sheet. Free operating cash flow year-to-date was $36 million, up from $4 million in the prior year. This was the highest first half free operating cash flow generated since 2016.
The increase in free operating cash flow was driven primarily by working capital changes including improved inventory levels and proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment, partially offset by higher capital expenditures.
On a dollar basis year-over-year, primary working capital decreased to $668 million. On a percentage sales basis, primary working capital increased to 32.7%. We continue to focus on optimizing inventory levels and driving improved working capital.
Net capital expenditures increased to $52 million year-to-date compared to $48 million in the prior year. In total, we returned$ 61 million year-to-date to shareholders through our share repurchase and dividend programs. We repurchased $15 million of shares in Q2 for a total of $163 million or $5.8 million shares, representing approximately 7% of outstanding shares since the inception of the program.
As Chris mentioned earlier, the Board of Directors authorized another $200 million share repurchase program over a three year period. And as we have every quarter since becoming a public company over 50 years ago, we have paid a dividend to our shareholders. Our commitment to returning cash to shareholders reflects confidence in our ability to execute our strategy to drive growth and margin improvement, continuing to maintain a healthy balance sheet and debt maturity profile at quarter end, we had combined cash and revolver availability of approximately $770 million, and we're well within our financial covenants. A full balance sheet can be found on slide 17 in the appendix.
Turning to slide 11, regarding our third quarter outlook, we expect Q3 sales to be between $510 million and $530 million with volume ranging from negative 5% to negative 2%, which includes approximately 1% negative effect from fewer workdays price realization, approximately 2% and unfavorable foreign exchange of about 1%.
Let me share some details on the sales assumptions and trends affecting the Q3 outlook at the midpoint. Our Q3 range reflects sequential growth from the second quarter. That is generally in line with our historical norms. On a year-over-year basis, we expect aerospace and defense to continue to grow and transportation to increase slightly. Additionally, we expect energy to decline from lower rig counts, delayed project work and continued destocking, general engineering to decline earthworks to decline as pricing pressures continue to affect growth, and we anticipate no significant improvement in China. Current inflationary environment persists, but at a modest pace, foreign exchange and non-cash pension expense are expected to be neutral. On an operating income basis. We expect adjusted EPS in the range of $0.25 to $0.35 per share.
And turning to slide 12, regarding our full year outlook, we expect FY24 sales to be between $2.02 billion and $2.07 billion, with volume ranging from negative 4% to negative 2%, net price realization of approximately 2%, with our inflationary pricing actions, partially offset by lower prices for customers with index price and foreign exchange is expected to be neutral year-over-year.
We expect aerospace and defense to have moderate growth. Transportation increased slightly. General engineering to decline slightly and energy and earthworks to decline. From a cost perspective, the current inflationary environment persists, but is assumed to moderate.
We expect to offset raw material wage and general cost increases on a dollar basis, assuming the price for tungsten remains constant in the second half of FY24, we will begin to benefit from lower material costs in the fourth quarter. This will largely affect our Infrastructure segment.
We expect infrastructure's fourth quarter adjusted operating margin will be approximately at the same level as the fourth quarter of FY23 foreign exchange and non-cash pension expense is expected to be neutral on an operating income basis.
Our previously announced restructuring initiative has been expanded and we now expect to achieve annualized run rate savings of approximately $35 million at the end of FY24, up from $20 million. The total estimated cost of this program is now $25 million versus the previously announced $20 million. We now expect adjusted EPS to be in the range of $1.35 to $1.65 with a full year effective tax rate of approximately 21%. Our outlook for depreciation and amortization, interest expense and capital expenditures remains unchanged.
On the cash side, the full year outlook for capital expenditures remains $100 million to $110 million, and the outlook for primary working capital is approximately 32%. Taken together, we will continue to expect free operating cash flow at approximately 100% of adjusted net income in line with our long-term targets.
And with that, I'll turn the call back over to Chris.

Christopher Rossi

Thanks, Pat. Turning to slide 13, to summarize, overall although market conditions changed from our previous outlook over the long term, the global megatrends driving market growth are still intact. We remain confident in executing our strategy to drive share gain throughout the economic cycle. We have experience navigating these market headwinds, and we will focus on taking actions to place the company in the best position.
Moving for an example of this has accelerated the 100 million of cost-out actions we outlined in Investor Day.
And with that, operator, please open the line for questions.

Question and Answer Session

Operator

If you would like to ask a question during this time, simply press star then the number one on your telephone keypad. If you are using a speakerphone, please pick up your handset to press the keys. If you would like to withdraw your question, please press star and number two.
Stephen Volkmann, Jefferies.

Stephen Volkm

Hey, good morning, everybody. Thanks for taking the question I had, I think a couple of quick things, I guess for me, I'm interested I think both of you guys mentioned sort of increased price sensitivity. I mean, I think maybe that was just earthworks, but I'm trying to get a little more color there. Does that mean you're seeing actually pricing go negative there? Or is it that you're holding the line, but others might not be just any more color there would be great.

Christopher Rossi

Yes, maybe it was it was a US phenomenon and was related to road milling and on I would say that we're holding our prices and being more selective. I think what might be happening from a market perspective is the projects are still there. If you remember last year, we talked about the fact that there was less miles being milled because budgets were strained in the infrastructure. Bill helps to helps to close that deal to help to backstop those budgets, but that business for the construction season, which happens at the end of our fiscal year. But that business is quoted right now. And so I think people are worried that they want to make sure that they get locked into those projects right now. And it's kind of driving a little bit more price sensitivity than we would normally see and we're going to secondary market, which was a little different than what we had expected.

Stephen Volkm

Got it. Okay.

Christopher Rossi

Thanks.

Stephen Volkm

And then relative to sort of the weaker end market outlooks that seem pretty broad here. Is there any way, Chris, to sort of think about how much of this might be inventory destock and how much is just kind of weaker end markets because they seem a bit weaker than sort of what we're hearing from other companies.

Christopher Rossi

Yes, I think on the destocking side, our distributors have been pretty this is kind of a global comment have been pretty conservative, but in terms about not getting over their skis now by adding inventory. So we never really thought we saw much of a restocking if you will, except in areas where they knew like aerospace, they were supporting, they knew they had to hold the hold the inventory because those demand patterns a little more certain. So we don't think this is like a major destocking because it wasn't really a major restocking, if you will. And so therefore, it's more of a it's more of a little uncertainty in terms of what the economic outlook looks like. I mean, you saw just based on how much the data has changed over the last the last quarter. So I think it's more about that. And then clearly an infrastructure from an oil and gas perspective, they've been working their inventories down and they've now versus the customer sentiment and what's now been articulated actually by the oilfield service companies on their on their earnings calls. They now believe that especially in North America, that that business is going to continue to be slow at least for the least for the rest of our year or the first half of calendar year 2024.

Stephen Volkm

Okay. Thank you, guys. I'll pass it on.

Operator

Steven Fisher, UBS.

Steven Fisher

Please go ahead but thanks. Good morning. But especially, Ted, I appreciate that you're focusing on the things that you can control when the markets are outside of your control. So maybe you can just sort of level set us on the cost tailwinds that you have for fiscal 2025 versus fiscal 2024 and now that you're accelerating the cost savings. In other words, if nothing else changed into next year, how much lower are your fiscal year 2025 costs compared to 2024? I mean, I know there's still going to be likely some inflation headwinds, but just understanding what's the tailwind that you start off with facing 2025 on lower costs?

Christopher Rossi

Yes. I think the way I would think about that, Steve, is we're going to hit a run rate when we exit the year at $35 million, right? And we think about the build this year in terms of where we had $5 million this quarter in Q2. We'll see a slight uptick here from Q2 to Q3, but probably a more substantial uptick in Q4.
I think what one was, I think by $4 million in total. So if I take that $35 million and kind of backout, we're approximately we're going to be here in this year, and you'll see that roll over to next year in terms of savings from that restructuring program in particular.

Steven Fisher

Okay. That's helpful. And then on pricing, I'm curious how broad are the price realizations that you have in, I guess the 2% in Q3 and maybe Q4? And when were those prices increases put in? And I guess I'm wondering how hard is it to introduce new price increases at the moment given some of the market backdrop?

Christopher Rossi

Yes, the prices that we put in were largely done at the start of our fiscal year. And then we continue to monitor pricing in both segments as the year progresses. And I think there were some smaller modifications that were recently made in particular metal cutting and in general, Steve, we think that we can we can hold on to the prices that we've put in place. I think this infrastructure example road milling, which by the way is a large portion of our business and probably the least profitable portion of thought of infrastructure anyway.
And absent that, for the most part, I think competitors have been behaving sort of logically along the lines of what we do. So we think we can continue to raise prices, especially in line with in line with inflation. So even in a declining market. There are some there are some very small players in China, for example, that are less price sensitive, but they are always less price-sensitive in any in any market. And we don't think they have a differentiated value proposition to be substantially much of a threat or influence the prices that we're able to demand in our key markets.

Steven Fisher

Okay. Thanks very much.

Operator

Julian Mitchell, Barclays Bank PLC.

Julian Mitchell

Hi, good morning. And I just wanted to circle back to the hay and just to follow up on that sort of operating margin guidance for the year. So it looks as if you're looking at an operating margin on a clean basis exiting the year at that sort of 9.5% in infrastructure, I think you'd said to be flat year-on-year, and that's versus maybe a breakeven in the third quarter. So is all of that step-up that tungsten aspect?
I'm just trying to understand, I guess, how much might be coming from, say, volumes sequentially in Q4 versus simply tungsten. And now we're looking at the kind of third quarter guide is it sort of a margin of 7.5%-8% total company? Is that the framework?

Christopher Rossi

As you think about infrastructure? Julien, you're right in the sense that there's a big component of that margin here in Q2 and will repeat in Q4. Is this price right timing, right. Once we get out to Q4, that'll flip to a positive for us in a company-wide and an infrastructure that's going to propel a pretty significant improvement in the margins.
And then on top of that, as you know, Q4 is the strongest quarter for infrastructure as well. And so we'll see a volume uptick of more notable in Q4 than we would going from Q2 to Q3from a from a margin perspective as well

Julian Mitchell

That's helpful. Thank you. And the third quarter, we should think about the Company margin being about 7.5%-8% with a sort of a breakeven in infrastructure. Is that fair?

Christopher Rossi

Yes. I think from an infrastructure perspective, you'll see a really modest improvement in margin Q2 to Q3, right? And then you'll see a little bit of an uptick here as well from metal cutting perspective again based on volume.

Julian Mitchell

That's helpful.
And then just my follow-up question maybe on the sort of cash flow conversion side of things. I mean, I was surprised perhaps that with the weaker volumes, maybe you're not getting more conversion from working capital kind of liquidation, just as that volume rolls over anything going on there, just sort of curious how you think about inventory management? I think inventories were flat sequentially and up a little bit versus June. And are you kind of holding the working cap on the assumption that the sales will improve in kind of six months' time?

Christopher Rossi

Yes, as we think about the working capital, a couple of things from a framework perspective, you know, over a longer-term basis. We've got a number of initiatives underway to drive down working capital and inventory in particular, when you think about that in the context of, I'll say, shifting market conditions in the short term?
No, the supply chain is relatively long dated. Yes, just in terms of physical distance and time, it does take a little bit of time for us to rectify that supply chain. So as you know, we've got softening here that developed in the month of December.
It will take us a little bit of time to kind of get the inventory and supply chain reactivated to where we expect demand to come out. And so that will put a little bit of a temporary pause probably on our ability to drive down the inventory, but that's not going to take us off track objectives we set for ourselves in terms of improving net working capital over the long run.

Julian Mitchell

That's great. Thank you issuance.

Operator

Tami Zakaria, JPMorgan.

Tami Zakaria

Hi, good morning. Thank you, Søren. And whenever I give Hi, how are you? And so I have a question on the aero and defense segment. I think you now expect lower growth environment related to some OEM. and production initiatives. So from your perspective, how temporary or structural is this risk? If the said OEM. issues prove more in our long-term or structural? What's the strategy to diversify away from it and tried to win new OEMs, how prepared are you should this need arise?

Christopher Rossi

Yes, I think I would think of a couple of things here. The good news about aerospace and defense, whether it's the large OEMs or the other producers is there still is a huge amount of demand out there and they're producing at much lower levels than even pre-pandemic, and they would like to actually produce even more aircraft, but they say they are constrained really by the supply chain.
So with respect to the particular quality issue, we think is probably just a short-term phenomenon. We don't know exactly. We think we've got the appropriate risk factored into our immediate outlook, but I don't see that as a risk for the longer term projections of this business. And so we feel quite good about our ability to gain share and on we're adding new customers as part of that share gain, not just at the OEM level, but also the tier suppliers, the Tier one, two and three suppliers that support this industry. That's where our opportunity is. So I don't think any of that any of that changes our picture, but it did dip our forecasted it to reflect that. While there will be growth, it won't be quite as much as we thought in the short term.

Tami Zakaria

Got it.
That's reassuring.
That's helpful. Thank you. And then my second question is, can you remind us what your current price positioning is versus some of your main competitors given the last couple of years of a relatively higher price realization.
And from your perspective, are your products now cheaper or in line or relatively at a premium versus some of the competitors out there?

Christopher Rossi

The way I would think about it is we always tried to price for value and there's parts, for example, the Metal Coatings segment that we just we just don't want that business because it's only competing on price. And that's not where our advantages are in the current environment or even in a downturn or upturn. We think we're priced competitively and it's based on the value we deliver.
And we think of even over the last few years through COVID and the high inflation, our competitors have largely been on par with our price increases as much as we can tell. Some of them are publicly disclosed information. Others, though, for sure are talking to the same customers we are in distributors. So we think we're in line with what the competition is doing. And we don't think that landscape has really changed or put us at a disadvantage going forward.

Operator

Michael Feniger, Bank of America.

Michael J. Feniger

You guys yet that you would like to thank everyone for taking my questions. Just I think you touched on your own inventories. I'm curious with how you're managing the working capital, just with the weaker end market in your guidance, do you have to do some under producing in the back half the more than expected, just a how do you feel like you can get your inventories at the end of the year to kind of position yourself for 2025. Just curious how you're thinking that given kind of the softer end market backdrop.

Christopher Rossi

Yes. Absolutely. As we think about the back half, and I'd say embedded in our outlook, any of the change in our outlook over the last 90 days here, we are assuming that we will take some actions here internally to make sure that the constraint between grades using extreme production constrained production a little bit that will result in a little bit of under-absorption that's factored into the outlook we have in place.
Yes, I think that inventory number given the midpoint of the outlook and where we think the end market is going to be relatively flat as we move through the rest of this fiscal year.

Michael J. Feniger

Great. And is there. Anything you would flag that in January you made some comments, I think on the earthworks side, just trying to get a sense on the general engineering side, Alex, typically how your customers either on the distributor side or the OEMs typically kind of look at it, particularly book in January, how that informs the next six months and what you kind of saw in January now relative to maybe where, you know, November December, what things are.

Christopher Rossi

Yes, I think our comment on January was about the order pattern that we saw that we started to see in December and certainly in the second half of December that that lower order pattern and repeated sort of in January, we didn't see much of a much of a change there. So that was that comment.
The other thing I would want you to realize that's part of what we had talked about on the call when we do our forecast that backlog in this business is not a meaningful indicator of the our forecast for sales in any given quarter is there simply isn't much backlog most of this business is transacted with the same day. And so it's very much a statistical process.
So the better the better indicator is how our orders actually coming in. And so the fact that they came down in December and continued that pattern sort of level off in January, I think is the best indicator of the future for us, which is why we that was one of the major inputs that we had to take to reassess our second half outlook in addition to the third party prognosticators on the longer-term midterm trends.

Thank you.

Operator

Steve Barger, KeyBanc Capital Markets.

Steve Barger

Morning, Steve.
Thanks.
Good morning. Just over the past few years, you've put a real focus on commercial excellence, product innovation and new markets to drive share gains. Organic growth still seems to track the metalworking index or industrial production top line is going to be flat for three years now, why are you convinced your initiatives are working?
And is the team bringing you new ideas on how to drive outgrowth differently?
Yes.

Christopher Rossi

I think Tom will talk about the share gains that we're making. And I think about what's different about Kennametal than before is certainly the simplification modernization and many of the innovations that we kind of highlighted on these calls, they weren't possible before monetization. And also, if you ask our customers from a quality perspective and delivery perspective, prior to modernization, we were playing defense we are always we are a lot of times explaining why we were missing deliveries or not making their cycle times, et cetera.
So I think that situation has improved and that allows us to now go in and talk to them to new customers. And so we do we do believe that like, for example, in aerospace, that our growth rate has been higher than what on what the changes in industrial production in aerospace are. So that gives us an indicator that we are we're growing faster than the market, frankly, has got several examples in infrastructure where we were underserving customers, for example, in Chile.
And we got a large new orders of because we've expanded into different types of mining applications are where solutions applications. So we've got a number of things I'd point to gaining share. I would say, Steve, that the headwinds still of the market in this situation that can move against you on share gains while they are they're bulking up, get lost in the noise.
And if you think about the if you think about just in the month of December versus our midpoint, we probably saw most of that $7 million miss from our midpoint in the month of December. So that kind of a reduction happening that quickly can cause the numbers to be masked.
The other thing is, is that on electric vehicles, we've got lots of indications that we're winning are above our normal win rate in those type of applications. Again, most of that is based on our ability to differentiate from a technology perspective. So I agree with you that the share gains can get lost inside of the noise of the cycle the market and volumes, I'll remind you are still down about, about 15% from 2019 levels?
Yes.

Steve Barger

So that's a great point. It leads to my second question which is about capital allocation. Again, just to looking at three years of what will be flat sales. But really we can go back to FY16 or FY17. And we're in the same general range of revenue and earnings. Why are you convinced share buyback is a good use of cash versus more aggressive cost streamlining or M&A to find some growth?

Christopher Rossi

Yes. I think on we think we have the right capital allocation strategy. So your question implies there's a trade-off going on between restructuring and taking cost out. And we absolutely have that as part of our investment thesis, that's it. That's why we're going after $100 million and that that project has not been not be inhibited because of cash allocation on, we're moving it at a pace and it's sized properly for what we think we can execute, but we're not limited by cash there.
From an M&A perspective, we are looking for other opportunities to grow. But we're going to stay within our own fairway, and we're looking for opportunities where we can help accelerate growth. And so there is a there is a pipeline of those opportunities that we continue to pursue and you'll have to you'll have to inform you about those as we go. Anything else you'd add to that, that

I just think the other thing I would add, Steve, is we've we talked about at Investor Day, we talked about a little bit today in terms of our inventory management. We were really focused on driving cash performance in the business here this year and going forward years, you know, we've got a string over the last couple of quarters of generating cash flow that is much improved over where we have been. And so I think as we as we as we as we work forward here, we're really confident in our ability to drive cash out of the business, and that will go back from the standpoint of, as Chris said, reinvesting back in the business at the pace we can support as well as that funding share repurchases as appropriate.

Steve Barger

Understood. Thanks for the time.

Operator

Angel Castillo, Morgan Stanley.

Angel Castillo

Good morning and thanks for taking my question. I just wanted to quickly clarify on January comments. I think you mentioned trends continued versus December. Just wanted to clarify, I guess see the leveling off. Is that basically the same year-over-year kind of drop as you were seeing in December? Or is that I mean, January continued to be weaker even than December of more from a sequential basis. And so just kind of clarify there.
And then maybe from a longer-term perspective, you noted PMIs or manufacturing indices in your in your slides, you see maybe a modest pickup in those in kind of the January time frame, how would you kind of read that in terms of your longer term, maybe as we look into the first half of your fiscal year 2025, do you anticipate that some of these trends will start to drive more and more of a pickup on based on what you historically see?

Christopher Rossi

I think up for to answer your first question. That was a sequential comment. So they leveled off sort of sequentially. And then all the We're encouraged when the PMIs start to go above 50 and look favorable and so I would say to you that the January actually, when you start to look at some of these forecasts, there was a bit of an uptick. Now we've seen that before I mean the USS. and P. global flash PMI, it increased, I think, three, three months in a row, our prior to lead up of our second, our first quarter earnings call and that trend reversed.
So but what encourages me though, is that the there's still a lot of a lot of now industrial companies. We have the advantage of seeing what they're what they're saying about their markets. They're now projecting their full year, candidly or fiscal year 2024. And it seems like Angel that a lot of them are saying, yes, it's probably going to be a little slower in the first half of the calendar year, and they're expecting an increase in business in the second half. And so we're encouraged by that.

Angel Castillo

Yes, very helpful. And then maybe I'm just more from a regional standpoint, I guess, the dynamic that you saw in December versus January. Could you talk about that sounds like maybe Americas and EMEA is an area that might be slowing down a little bit more within that kind of December, January timeframe. So just curious if you could you unpack some of that more near term on nuances, maybe by the kind of the regions, ex China and ex Asia?

Christopher Rossi

Yes, I think most of that slowdown was in the Americas and up. And then Asia Pacific, we were expecting, frankly, China to have a recovery, and that didn't really happen. I think they are going to continue to struggle and we think that will continue for the rest of the year. I would say Amea was, um, was about in line with what we what we thought they're already kind of operate in a low industrial production level on the change there, though is going forward is that was expected to start to improve and it looks like it's going to take a little longer to start to improve. Very helpful.

Angel Castillo

Thank you.

Operator

Joe Ritchie, Goldman Sachs.

Joe Ritchie

Please go ahead by Joe. Thanks. Good morning, guys. Chris, I'm going to start with a broader question. I just want to can I understand the cycle that you're seeing today versus maybe some previous cycles that you've seen with this business. It seems it seems different, at least to us. I'm just curious, how would you kind of characterize it? And then similarly, and do you have any expectation for how you guys would rebound or reaccelerate post the cycle?

Christopher Rossi

Yes. I think the aw the cycle and I'll let I'll let Pat comment because he's got more history than I do. But my feeling is that this is a little bit different than what we've seen on. I wouldn't I would characterize this as a continuation of what's been a mild downturn. And previously we expected, of course, this to sort of bottom out here and then start to improve in the second half.
And it looks like it's going to continue to have a mild downturn, but this downturn has been happening and playing out over quite a long period of time. And we've talked on this call before that's probably due to the fact that there was a huge amount of backlog associated with all the supply chain issues. And so that sort of moderated this.
So I think that typically you might find that once these volumes start to go negative, they go negative for quite a while ago. Pretty steep. We don't see that steep decline, but we recognize we've actually been in decline for some time and there has been a couple of quarters volume reduction in metal cutting and now four quarters in infrastructure.
So I think that we have I think that our forecast for the first half sort of contemplates the midpoint that there's not a there's not an uptick, but things are sort of moderating the at the current levels. And then I absolutely believe in my in my mind that as industrial production improves in the second half of calendar year 2024 on that, that's going to be a good opportunity and maybe the snapback on won't be quite as great because we know the decline has been it's been slow. Maybe the improvement will be slow, but it could also snapback. I guess the answer there is I don't know what the answer is, are the snapback looks. What would you say that?

Yes, I think one of the things I think that if we think about downturns in Kennametal or your short-cycle industrial companies over a longer period of time over the last 15 years, we've got two events thrown in there that are quite frankly, really idiosyncratic, right. I got it. We got a global pandemic, right? And we've got a global financial crisis.
And yes, I'd say in terms of where we're at, and Chris mentioned where we are from a volume perspective in both of the businesses here. I think we've got a much more and I'll say normalize, you know, industrial downturn, right?
That's kind of playing out where the volumes are coming down gradually. And at this point in time, there's some stability and we talk about how the business kind of performed here in December. And I'll just kind of comment in terms of the overall performance in December, you know, we came in within that sales outlook we had in place for the full quarter, although a bit lower in the Indian were than we would have liked to have been, but see the business kind of performed within the range of as expected in Q2.
And as we think about how that rolls forward here, it doesn't feel like there's any places where you would see historically, if you've looked at some of the other downturns, that even some of the slowdown that occurred in 2015, where you've got a dramatic fall off in one of the end markets. We do see some choppiness in energy within oil and gas.
We've talked about some of the issues that are going on in aerospace, but the base feels pretty solid in terms of where the where demand is at this point in time, as Chris talked about as we kind of move forward what that recovery looks like. I think we'll have to kind of see how that plays out over time.

Joe Ritchie

Got it. That's super helpful color from both of you thank you. And then just my follow-up question is just I'm trying to I'm trying to bridge the 2024 guide the EPS guide to 2023. And so there's a few moving pieces. And you have specifically it looks like you're annualizing your synergies at a higher rate, which is great. So I don't know, maybe you realize $20 million $25 million or so this year, but what are the kind of decrementals that we've got baked in to your base volume for the year? And then also just unplanned spend do you have a do you have a sense for how much of a tailwind that's expected to be as you exit the fourth quarter?

Yes. So as we think about that, the year over year, right? I walked you through what are the main components. Obviously, you've got some price realization that's really going to be overcoming some of the inflation that's in the business from a raw material perspective. So while we have raw material headwinds, I'll say in the middle of the year here, we're going to see some of that flip. We talked about in terms of going into for you Q2 hear a $12 million, $13 million headwind.
That headwind will go away as we get to the back end of the year so raw material for the full year, I would say should be slightly positive for us as we get through. I mean, you kind of talked about where the restructuring number is coming in terms of like 20 to 25 range?
Sounds reasonable. In terms of, again, the cadence we talked about earlier on the call tax-ability and shares will be slight tailwinds as well. And that really gets you to the big number in terms of what's changing there. And that's the that's the volume.
Right. And so unfavorable volume?
Yes. And you have probably a little bit normal as we work our way through here. So decrementals, again, as we talked about just kind of managing production and inventory for the back half of the year.

Joe Ritchie

Great. Thank you.

Operator

This concludes our question and answer session. I would like to turn the conference back over to Chris Ross before any closing.

Christopher Rossi

Thanks, operator, and thanks everyone for joining the call today.
In closing, let me just say that we continue to execute our initiatives in the face of challenging market conditions. We're absolutely focused on what we can control and drive margin improvement and share gain throughout the economic cycle. As always, we appreciate your interest and support and please don't hesitate to reach out to Mike, if you have any questions? Have a nice day.

Thanks.

Operator

(Operator Instructions)
The conference has now concluded. Thank you for attending today's presentation. You may now disconnect.
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